Article

The Relationship between Efficiency in Children\'s Use of Memory Strategy and Metamemory

Author

박영아,최경숙

Information

pp. 1~27 / 2007 Vol.14 No.2

Abstract

The purposes of this study were to investigate (1) developmental changes from inefficiency to efficiency in children\'s use of rehearsal and organization, and (2) the relationship between the efficiency of these strategies and metamemory. The subjects were 120 5, 7, and 9 year-old children. All children performed a sort-recall task and memtamemory tests. Children were excluded from subjects when they failed to produce a strategy; as a result of exclusion, 75 children\'s data were included in the analysis of rehearsal, and 72 children\'s data were included in the analysis of organization. Children were classified as utilization deficiency group if they used strategies but their recall was lower than or not different from the recall of those who could not produce strategies. Children were classified as efficient user group if they used strategies and their recall was higher than the recall of those who could not produce strategies. In both rehearsal and organization, utilization deficiency was more common for 5 year-olds than 7 or 9 year-olds. With increase in age, there was improvement of efficiency in children\'s use of memory strategies. Metamemory was found to be an important variable of efficiency in use of strategies. In relation to rehearsal, knowledge of the task, like the number of items to be remembered and distraction affected efficiency. In relation to organization, knowledge of the task, like the category of items to be remembered, distraction, and knowledge of strategy affected efficiency.

Keywords