Article

Exploring the Relationship among Variables Related to the School Adjustment of Grade 1 and 2 according to Parental Income: Parenting Efficacy, Self Concepts, and Prosocial Behaviors

Author

김수정,곽금주

Information

pp. 85~105 / 2012 Vol.19 No.3

Abstract

The purpose of this study was to investigate variables relevant to the school adjustment of school childrenand to examine the differences in the relationship of the variables according to parental income levels. Thesubjects comprised 219 triplets of children, their mothers, and classroom teachers. Parenting efficacy wasmeasured using mothers’ reports. The children’s self concepts and prosocial behaviors were measured bymeans of direct interview and school adjustment was measured via teachers’ reports. Correlation andstructural equation models testing were conducted, based on these reports. According to the results of thestructural equation model testing, parenting efficacy was found to be positively related to children’s schooladjustment and prosocial behavior, and children’s self concept was positively related to prosocial behaviorand school adjustment. Additionally, the children’s prosocial behavior was found to be related to schooladjustment. The results of the structural equation model testing by parental income levels revealed thatmothers’ parenting efficacy was related to the children’s school adjustment regardless of parental incomelevel. However, in the case of low-income children, parenting efficacy had a positive relationship with theirprosocial behavior, and these prosocial behaviors affected school adjustment. In the case of children fromhigh-income families, their self-concept had a positive relationship with prosocial behavior and schooladjustment.

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