The Korean Journal of Human Development

Article

Exploring the Links between Spirituality and Successful Aging of Older Adults

Author
정순화,임정하
Information
pp. 59~79 / 2013 Vol.20 No.4
e-ISSN2982-6845
p-ISSN1226-4474
Metrics Views 0 / Downloads 0
PDF

Abstract

The purpose of this study was to examine the relationship between successful aging and the spirituality ofolder adults in Korea. Three hundreds and fifteen older adults||| aged from 61 to 91 in the Seoulmetropolitan area||| participated in this study. The structured interview method was used to assess thesuccessful aging||| spirituality||| physical and cognitive functioning of older adults. Group mean comparisonsshowed that in general||| the average level of successful aging was different according to gender.Additionally||| the average level of religious and existential spirituality was different by age and economicstatus. Pearson’s correlation analyses indicated that the level of successful aging was positively associatedwith the level of religious and existential spirituality. Hierarchical multiple regression revealed thatexistential spirituality was an influential and unique factor in explaining the level of successful agingcontrolling for demographic characteristics||| physical and cognitive functioning of the older adults. Thesefindings suggest that existential spirituality should be considered and supported as a source of well-beingin later life.

Keywords

성공적 노화 실존적 영성 종교적 영성 노인 successful aging existential spirituality religious spirituality older adults

References

  1. 권석만 (2008). 긍정심리학: 행복의 과학적 탐구. 서울: 학지사.
  2. 김경호, 김지훈 (2009). 한국 노인의 성공적인 노화요인의 구조분석. 한국노년학, 29(1), 71-87.
  3. 김동배 (2008). 한국 노인의 성공적 노화 척도 개발을 위한 연구. 한국사회복지학, 60(1), 211-231.
  4. 김종성, 안상섭, 한성렬 (2009). 영성의 긍정적 기여. 한국심리학회지: 사회문제, 15(1), 207-226.
  5. 박상연, 전영미, 성정혜, 이선희 (2013). 노인의 역할활동과 자아존중감이 성공적 노화에 미치는 영향. 노인간호학회지, 15(1), 43-50.
  6. 박정묘 (2007). 심리경향에 따른 중년기 생의 의미 분석. 부산대학교 대학원 박사학위논문.
  7. 박종일 (2009). 사회복지사의 자기효능감이 직무만족에 미치는 영향에서 영적 안녕의 중재효과. 서울기독대학교 대학원 박사학위논문.
  8. 백지은 (2010). 남성노인과 여성노인의 사회적 지지 경험이 심리적 건강에 미치는 영향. 한국심리학회지, 15(3), 425-445.
  9. 성혜영, 조희선 (2005). Rowe와 Kahn의 구성요소를 활용한 성공적 노화모델. 한국노년학, 26(1), 105-123.
  10. 신동민 (2012). 노인의 지각된 자기효능감이 자아통합감에 미치는 영향: 영성의 매개 및 조절효과 검증. 노인복지연구, 57, 261-288.
  11. 신복기, 성향숙, 김수영 (2006). 성공적 노화를 위한 노인교육프로그램의 효과성 연구. 노인복지연구, 34, 313-336.
  12. 신영희, 이혜정 (2009). 일 도시 노인의 성공적인 노화 관련 요인. 한국노년학, 29(4), 1327-1340.
  13. 안정신, 정영숙, 정여진, 서수균, Cooney, T. M. (2011). 성공적 노화 연구의 비판적 고찰. 한국심리학회지: 발달, 24(3), 35-54.
  14. 염형욱, 정성덕, 서완석, 구본훈, 배대석 (2005). 노년기 영성과 불안ㆍ우울 및 삶의 질과의 관계. 영남의대학술지, 22(1), 27-42.
  15. 윤현숙, 원성원 (2010). 노인의 영성과 종교 활동이 생활만족도와 우울에 미치는 영향. 한국노년학회지, 30(4), 1077-1093.
  16. 이윤환, 이경종, 한근식, 윤수진, 이연경, 김찬호, 김정림 (2002). 지역사회 노인의 신체기능 평가도구 개발. 예방의학회지, 35(4), 359-373.
  17. 정옥분, 임정하, 정순화, 김경은 (2013). 노년기 사회적 자원이 성공적 노화에 미치는 영향. 인간발달연구, 20(1), 79-100.
  18. 주은애 (2006). 노인의 영성유형에 따른 자아통합감과 관련변인에 관한 연구. 고려대학교 대학원 석사학위논문.
  19. 최금주, 제석봉 (2007). 노인의 영성이 자아통합감에 미치는 영향. 노인복지연구, 38, 109-126.
  20. 최상순 (1990). 일 지역 성인의 영적안녕, 희망 및 건강 상태에 관한 관계연구. 연세대학교 대학원 박사학위논문.
  21. 통계청 (2012). 장래인구추계.
  22. 홍현방 (2002). 성공적인 노화와 노인의 종교성 관계연구. 한국노년학, 22(3), 247-261.
  23. 홍현방 (2003). 노인의 영양건강과 성공적인 노화의 관계. 노인복지연구, 21, 49-72.
  24. Abdel-Khalek, A. M. (2006). Happiness, health and religiosity: Significant relations. Mental Health, Religion and Culture, 9(1), 85-97.
  25. Baltes, P. B., & Smith, J. (2003). New frontiers in the future of aging: From successful aging of the young old to the dilemmas of the fourth age. Gerontology, 49, 123-135.
  26. Canda, E. R., & Furman, L. D. (2010). Spiritual diversity in social work practice: The heart of helping (2nd ed.). New York: Oxford University Press.
  27. Coleman, C. L., & Hozemer, W. L. (1999). Spirituality, psychological well-being, and HIV symptoms for African American living with HIV disease. Association of Nurses in AIDS Care, 10(1), 42-50.
  28. Collings, P. (2001). If you got everything, it's good enough: Perspectives on successful aging in a Canadian Inuit community. Journal of Cross Cultural Gerontology, 16, 127-155.
  29. Crowther, M. R., Parker, M. W., Achenbaum, W. A., Larimore, W. L., & Koenig, H. G. (2002). Rowe and Kahn's model of successful aging revisited: Positive spirituality-the forgotten factor. The Gerontologist, 42(5), 613- 620.
  30. Emmons, R. A., Cheung, C., & Tehrani, K. (1998). Assessing spirituality through personal goals: Implication for research on religion and subjective well-being. Social Indicator Research, 45, 391-422.
  31. Erikson, E. H. (1950). Childhood and society. New York: Norton.
  32. Erikson, E. H. (1968). Identity: Youth and crisis. New York: Norton.
  33. Ford, A. B., Haug, M. R., Stange, K. C., Gaines, A. D., Noelker, L. S., & Jones, P. K. (2000). Sustained personal autonomy: A measure of successful aging. Journal of Aging and Health, 12, 470-489.
  34. Frankl, V. E. (1964). Man's search for meaning: An introduction to logotherapy. London: Hodder and Stoughton.
  35. Fry, P. S. (2000). Religious involvement, spirituality and personal meaning for life: Existential predictors of psychological wellbeing in community-residing and institutional care elders. Aging and Mental Health, 4, 375-387.
  36. Holstein, M. B., & Minkler, M. (2003). Self, society, and the “new gerontology.” The Gerontologist, 43, 787-796.
  37. Kirby, S. E., Coleman, P. G., & Daley, D. (2004). Spirituality and well-being in frail and nonfrail older adults. Journal of Gerontology: Psychological Sciences, 59B, 123-129.
  38. Knight, T., & Ricciardelli, L. A. (2003). Successful aging: Perceptions of adults aged between 70 and 101 years. International Journal of Aging and Human Development, 56(3), 223-245.
  39. Koenig, H. G., George, L. K., & Titus, P. (2004). Religion, spirituality, and health in medically ill hospitalized older patients. Journal of the American Geriatrics Society, 52, 554-562.
  40. Koenig, H. G., McCullough, M. E., & Larson, D. B. (2001). Handbook of religion and health. New York: Oxford University Press.
  41. Luthar, S. S., Cicchetti, D., & Becker, B. (2000). The construct of resilience: A critical evaluation and guidelines for future work. Child Development, 71(3), 543-562.
  42. McFadden, S. H. (1996). Religion, spirituality, and aging. In J. E. Birren & K. W. Schaie (Eds.), Handbook on the psychology of aging (4th ed., pp. 162-177). San Diego: Academic Press.
  43. Miller, W. (1998). Researching the spiritual dimensions of alcohol and other drug problems. Addiction, 93(7), 979-990.
  44. Moberg, D. O. (2005). Research in spirituality, religion and aging. Journal of Gerontological Social Work, 45, 11-40.
  45. Ng, T. P., Broekman, B. F. P., Niti, M., Gwee, X., & Kua, E. H. (2009). Determinants of successful aging using a multidimensional definition among Chinese elderly in Singapore. The American Journal of Geriatric Psychiatry, 17(5), 407-416.
  46. Paloutzian, R. F., & Ellison, C. W. (1982). Loneliness, spiritual well-being and the quality of life. In L. A. Peplau & D. Perlman (Eds.), Loneliness: A sourcebook of current theory, research and therapy (pp.224-237). New York: Wiley Interscience.
  47. Rowe, J. W., & Kahn, R. L. (1987). Human aging: Usual and successful. Science, 237, 143-149.
  48. Rowe, J. W., & Kahn, R. L. (1997). Successful aging. The Gerontologist, 37(4), 433-440.
  49. Rowe, J. W., & Kahn, R. L. (1998). Successful aging. New York: Random House.
  50. Sandler, E., & Biggs, S. (2006). Exploring the links between spirituality and successful ageing. Journal of Social Work Practice, 20(3), 267-280.
  51. Seeman, T. E., Lusignolo, T. M., Albert, M., & Berkman, L. (2001). Social relationships, social support, and patterns of cognitive aging in healthy, high-functioning older adults: MacArthur studies of successful aging. Health Psychology, 20(4), 243-255.
  52. States, J. A. (2001). Self-efficacy and spirituality in the recovery process from alcohol dependence: A paradox. (Doctoral dissertation). College of Human Resource and Education at West Virginia University.
  53. Strawbridge, W. J., Shema, S. J., Cohen, R. D., Robert, R. E., & Kaplan, G. A. (1998). Religiosity buffers effects of some stressors on depression but exacerbates others. Journal of Gerontology: Social Science, 53B(3), S118-S126.
  54. Strawbridge, W. J., Wallhagen, M. I., & Cohen, R. D. (2002). Successful aging and well-being: Self-rated compared with Rowe and Kahn. Gerontologist, 42(6), 727-733.
  55. Tabbarah, M., Crimmins, E., & Seeman, T. (2002). The relationship between cognitive and physical performance: MacArthur studies of successful aging. Journal of Gerontology: Medical Science, 57(4), 228-235.
  56. Tate, R. B., Lah, L., & Cuddy, T. E. (2003). Definition of successful aging by elderly Canadian males: The Manitoba follow-up study. The Gerontologist 43(5), 735-744.
  57. Thomson, J. E. (2000). The place of spiritual well-being in hospice patients' overall quality of life. Hospice Journal, 15(2), 13-27.
  58. Tornstam, L. (1997). Gerotranscendence: The contemplative dimension of aging. Journal of Aging Studies, 11(2), 143-154.
  59. Treffinger, D. J. (2000). Assessing CPS performance. Waco, TX: Prufrock.
  60. Wilber, K. (1997). The eye of spirit: An integral vision for a world gone slightly mad. Boston: Shambhala.
  61. Wink, P., & Dillon, M. (2002). Spiritual development across the adult life course: Findings from a longitudinal study. Journal of Adult Development, 9(1), 79-94.
  62. Wink, P., & Dillon, M. (2003). Religiousness, spirituality, and psychosocial functioning in late adulthood: Findings from a longitudinal study. Psychology and Aging, 18, 916-924.