Article

A Study on the Psychological and Behavioral Characteristics of Well-playful Adults

Author

조미정,최태산

Information

pp. 89~108 / 2014 Vol.21 No.3

Abstract

The purpose of this study was to investigate the psychological and behavioral characteristics of well-playfuladults. For the purposes of data collection, open-ended questionnaires were distributed to the 154 collegestudents of grades 1-2 and focus group interviews, targeting the graduate students majoring in counselingand the currently practicing counselors were conducted. The data was content-analyzed and classified withreference to the sub-factors of playfulness as studied by Glynn(1991), Glynn & Webster(1992), Schaefer &Greenberg(1997), Barnett(2007) and Hoon Lee & Hee- Beom Jo, Young-Jin-Lee(2010). As a result, thepsychological and behavioral characteristics of well-playful adults were categorized into the threedimensions- behavioral, cognitive and emotional-social. The behavioral dimension included farcical,extemporal impulsive, the congruency of appetitive behavior, the pursuit of fun and joy, the pursuit ofnovelty, physical expressiveness, aggressive activity, technique, etc. The cognitive dimension consisted ofextraordinariness, imagination, quickness, immersion and informality. The emotional-social dimensioninvolved optimism, emotional expressiveness, the recovery of vitality, affinity and leading. Allsub-components of playfulness identified by this study partially corresponded to those uncovered in theresults by the preceding research. And also, the results from this study have a meaning that it classifiesand reconstructs the categorization of the factors more variously than those of American research targetingadults.

Keywords

References

1. 노안영, 정 민 (2007). 자기격려-낙담 척도 개발 및 타당화. 한국심리학회지: 상담 및 심리치료, 19(3), 675-692.
2. 방은령 (2009). 놀이의 의미와 치료 및 성장을 위한 활용. 놀이치료학회지, 12(4), 281-297.
3. 배미랑 (2011). 청소년의 놀이특성 분석: 광주와 전남지역의 중․고등학생을 중심으로. 동신대학교 사회개발대학원 석사학위논문.
4. 오혜주, 유미숙, 조유진 (2010). 어머니의 놀이성 평가 척도 개발을 위한 예비연구(만 3-8세 아동 어머니를 대상으로). 인간발달연구. 17(1), 349-362.
5. 이 훈, 조희범, 이영진 (2010). 성인의 놀이성 지표 개발. 한국관광학회, 34(9), 165-188.
6. 조미정 (2008). 학령기 아동의 놀이성 연구. 한국놀이치료학회, 11(1), 17-30.
7. Barnett, L. A. (1990). Playfulness: Definition, design, and measurement. Play and Culture, 3(4), 319-336.
8. Barnett, L. A. (1991). Characterizing playfulness: Correlates with individual attributes and personality traits. Play & Culture, 4(4), 371- 393.
9. Barnett, L. A. (2007). The nature of playfulness in young adults. Personality and Individual Differences, 43, 949-958.
10. Barnett, L. A., & Kleiber, D. A. (1984) Playfulness and the early environment. Journal of Genetic Psychology, 144, 153-164.
11. Bozionelos, N., & Bozionelos, G. (1999). Playfulness: Its relationship with instrumental and expressive traits. Personality and Individuals Differences. 26, 749-760.
12. Csikszentmihalyi, M. (1975). Beyond boredom and anxiety: Experiencing flow in work and play. San Francisco: Jossey-Bass.
13. Glynn, M. A. (1991). Framing tasks: The effects of work and play cues on task motivation, evaluations, and information processing. New Haven, Conn: Yale School of Organization and Management.
14. Glynn, M. A., & Webster, J. (1992). The adult playfulness scale: An initial assessment. Psychological Reports, 71, 83-103.
15. Glynn, M. A., & Webster, J. (1993). Refining the nomological net of the adult playfulness scale: Personality, motivational, and attitudinal correlates for highly intelligent adults. Psychological Reports, 72, 1023-1206.
16. Goffman, E. (1974). Frame analysis: An essay on the organization of experience. Cambridge, MA, US: Harvard University Press
17. Huizinga, J. (1993). 호모루덴스. 김윤수(역). 서울: 까치글방. (원본 발간일, 1955)
18. Kagan, J. (2003). Behavioral inhibition as a temperamental category. In R. J. Davidson, K. R. Scherer, & H. H. Goldsmith. Handbook of affective sciences (pp. 320-331). New York: Oxford University Press.
19. Lieberman, J. N. (1965). Playfulness and divergent thinking: An investigation of their relationship at the kindergarten level. The Journal of Genetic Psychology, 107(2), 219-224.
20. Lieberman, J. N. (1977). Playfulness: Its relationship to imagination and creativity. New York: Academic Press.
21. Miller, S. (1973) Ends, means, and galumphing: Some leitmotifs of play. American Anthropologist, 75, 87-89.
22. Schaefer, C., & Greenberg, R. (1997). Measurement of playfulness: A neglected therapist variable. International Journal of Play Therapy, 6(2), 21- 31.
23. Singer, D. L., & Rummo, J. (1973) Ideational creativity and behavioral style in kindergarten- age children. Developmental Psychology, 8(2), 154-161.
24. Staempfli, M. B. (2007). Adolescent playfulness, stress perception, coping and well being. Journal of Leisure Research, 39(3), 393- 412.
25. Starbuck, W. H., & Webster, J. (1991). When is play productive? Accounting, Management, and Informational Technology, 1, 71-90.
26. Webster, J., & Martocchio, J. J. (1992) Microcomputer playfulness: Development of a measure with workplace implications. MIS Quarterly, 16, 201-226.